Total knee replacement, also known as total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or diseased knee joint is replaced with an artificial joint. The goal of the procedure is to relieve pain and improve the function of the knee.
During the surgery, the damaged bones and cartilage in the knee are removed and replaced with metal and plastic components that are shaped to allow the knee to move smoothly. The surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia, and can take several hours to complete.
The procedure starts with making an incision in the knee and exposing the knee joint. The damaged surfaces of the thigh bone (femur) and shin bone (tibia) are removed using special surgical tools. Then the metal and plastic components are placed and secured in the correct position. The plastic component, called the polyethylene, is inserted between the metal components to provide a smooth and low-friction surface for the bones to move on. The incision is closed, and a bandage and a brace are applied to the knee.
After the surgery, patients typically need to undergo physical therapy to help them regain strength and mobility in their knee. This can take several weeks or months, depending on the individual case. Most people who have a total knee replacement experience significant pain relief and improved function of their knee after the surgery. However, like with any surgery, there are risks and potential complications associated with total knee replacement, such as infection, blood clots, nerve or blood vessel damage, and loosening or wear of the artificial knee joint.
It's important to have realistic expectations about the recovery process and to understand that it can take time to regain strength and mobility. Regular follow-up with the surgeon and physical therapist is important to make sure the knee joint is healing correctly.
Total knee replacement is usually recommended for patients with severe knee arthritis, who have tried other options such as medications, physical therapy, and knee braces and haven't found relief from pain. It is important to consult with an orthopedic surgeon to determine if total knee replacement is the best course of treatment for your individual case. For more info or an appointment to discuss the options here in Southampton email us on info@wessex-knee.com